The Analysis Style and Tone of Novel: “Wuthering Heights” By Emily Bronte

STYLE
Style may simply mean a writer’s characteristic way of using language. In short, we mean everything the author does with words, including his way for arranging words into such larger units as sentence. For purposes of simplification, we shall consider this topic under three heading elements: diction, imagery, and syntax.
1.Diction
It simply means the author’s choice of words. In this novel entitled Wuthering Heights, the writer uses a combination: denotation and connotation. There are several paragraphs that represent it.
“This is nothing,” cried she, “I was only going to say that heaven did not seem to be my home; and I broke my heart with weeping to come back to earth; and the Angels were so angry that they flung me out, into the middle of the heath on the top of Wuthering Heights; where I woke sobbing for joy. That will do to explain my secret, as well as the other. I’ve no business to marry Edgar Linton than I have to be in Heaven; and if the wicked man in there, had not brought Heathcliff so low I shouldn’t have thought of it. It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff, now; so he shall never know how I love him; and that, not because he’s more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same, and Linton’s is as different as a moonbeam from lightning or frost from fire.” (chapter IX, page 91)
On a mellow evening in September, I was coming from the garden with a heavy basket of apples which I had been gathering. It had got dusk, and the moon looked over the high wall of the court, causing undefined shadows to lurk in the corners of the numerous projecting portions of the building. I set my burden on the house steps by the kitchen door, and lingered to rest, and draw in a few more breaths of the soft, sweet air; my eyes were on the moon, and my back to entrance, when I heard a voice behind me say---. (chapter X, page 105)
Gimmerton chapel bells were still ringing; and the full, mellow flow of the beck in the valley, came soothingly on the ear. It was a sweet substitute for the yet absent murmur of the summer foliage which drowned that music about the Grange, when the trees were in leaf. At Wuthering Heights it always sounded on quiet days, following a great thaw, or a season of steady rain--- and, of Wuthering Heights, Catherine was thinking as she listened; that is, if she thought, or listened, at all; but she had the vague, distant look I mentioned before, which expressed no recognition of material thongs either by ear or eye. (chapter XV, page 180)
2.Imagery
An image is the evocation through words of sensory experience; imagery is simply the collection of images in the entire work or in any significant part of the work. In this novel entitled Wuthering Heights, the writer uses literal images and figurative images.
a.Literal images.
A basic function of literal imagery is simply to satisfy the reader’s demand for specific, concrete details, his desire to know how things look, sound, smell, taste, and feel. Look out of these paragraphs:
I have just returned from a visit to my landlord---the solitary neighbor that I shall be trouble with. This is certainly, a beautiful country! In all England, I do not believe that I could have fixed on a situation so completely removed from the stir of society. A perfect misanthropist’s Heaven---and Mr. Heathcliff and I are such a suitable pair to divide the desolation between us. A capital fellow! He little imagined how my heart warmed towards him when I beheld his black eyes withdraw so suspiciously under their brows, as I rode up, and when his fingers sheltered themselves, with a jealous resolution, still further in his waist-coat, as I announced my name. (chapter I, page 1)
This time, I remembered I was lying in the oak closet, and I heard distinctly the gusty wind, and the driving of the snow; I heard also, the fir-bough repeat its teasing sound, and ascribed it to the right cause; but it annoyed me so much, that I resolved to silence it, if possible; and, I thought, was soldered into the staple, a circumstance observed by me, when awake, but forgotten. (chapter III, page 27)
We entered together; Catherine was there, making herself useful in preparing some vegetables for the approaching meal; she looked more sulky, and less spirited than when I had seen her first. She hardly raised her eyes to notice me, and continued her employment with the same disregard to common forms of politeness, as before; never returning my bow and good morning, by the slightest acknowledgement. (chapter XXXI, page 341)
b.Figurative images.
It is more commonly called figures of speech. An image is figurative when it must be understood in some sense other than the literal. There are several figures of speech that the writer uses inside the story.
à Simile, an explicit comparison of dissimilar objects, involving the use of such comparative words as ‘like or as’. It represents in these paragraphs.
“And so do I. I’ve dreamt in my life dreams that have stayed with me ever after, and changed my ideas; they’ve gone through and through me, like wine through water, and altered the colour of my mind. And this is one---I’m going to tell it---but take care not to smile at any part of it.” (chapter IX, page 90)
…He flung himself into nearest seat, and on my approaching hurriedly to ascertain if she had fainted, he gnashed at me, and foamed like a mad dog, and gathered her into him with greedy jealousy. (chapter XV, page 184)
“The day she was buried there came a fall a snow. In the evening I went to the churchyard. It blew bleak as winter---all round was solitary: I didn’t fear that her fool of a husband would wander up the den so late---and no one else had business to bring them there.” (chapter XXIX, page 330)

Metaphor, the comparison remains implicit, the statement seems to assert an identification. It represents in these paragraphs.
…Catherine had season of gloom and silence, now and then: they were respected with sympathizing silence by her husband, who ascribed them to an alteration in her constitution, produced by her perilous illness, as she was never subject to depression of spirit before. (chapter X, page 105)
On a mellow evening in September, I was coming from the garden with a heavy basket of apples which I had been gathering. It had got dusk,s and the moon looked over the high wall of the court, causing undefined shadows to lurk in the corners of the numerous projecting portions of the building. I set my burden on the house steps by the kitchen door, and lingered to rest, and draw in a few more breaths of the soft, sweet air; my eyes were on the moon, and my back to entrance, when I heard a voice behind me say---. (chapter X, page 105)
So, I chattered on; and Heathcliff gradually lost his frown, and began to look quite pleasant; when, all at once, out conversation was interrupted by a rumbling sound moving up the road and entering the court. (chapter VII, page 65)
Personification, is the giving of human characteristics to inanimate objects, ideas, or animals. It represents in these paragraphs.
A ray fell on his feature; the cheeks were sallow, and half covered with black whiskers; the brows lowering, the eyes deep set and singular. I remembered the eyes. (chapter X, page 106)
…the return of sunshine was welcomed by answering sunshine from him. I believe I may assert that they were really in possession of deep and growing happiness. (chapter X, page 105)
Something stirred in the porch; and moving nearer, I distinguished a tall man dressed in dark clothes, with dark face and hair. He leant against the side, and held his fingers on the latch, as if intending to open himself. (chapter X, page 105)
I lingered round them, under that benign sky; watched the moths fluttering among the heath, and hare-bells; listened to the soft wind breathing through the grass; and wondering how anyone could ever imagine unquiet slumbers, for the sleepers in that quiet earth. (chapter XXXIV, page 385)
3.Syntax.
It is the way in which the writer constructs his sentence. We will discuss the characteristic length of his sentences, the proportion of simple to complex sentences. In this novel, the writer uses a complex sentence to describe everything she wants to inform for the readers. Look out of the paragraphs below that written in complex sentence entirely.
I gazed long at the weather-worn block; and, stooping down, perceived a hole near the bottom still full of snail-shells and pebbles which we were fond of storing there with more perishable things---and, as fresh as reality, it appeared that I beheld my early playmate seated on the withered turf; his dark, square head bent forward, and his little hand scooping out the earth with a piece of slate. (chapter XI, chapter 123)
She was conscious of his aim, and in her better moods, endured his efforts placidly; only showing their uselessness by now and then suppressing a wearied sigh, and restraining him at last with the saddest of smiles and kisses. At other times, she would turn petulantly away, and hide her face in her hands, or even push him off angrily; and then he took care to let her alone, for he was certain of doing no good. (chapter XV, page 179)
How they managed together, I can’t tell. I fancy he fretted a great deal, and moaned hisseln, night and day; and she had precious little rest, one could guess by her white face, and heavy eyes---she sometimes came into the kitchen all wildered like, and looked as if she would fain beg assistance: but I was not going to disobey the master---I never dare disobey him, Mrs. Dean, and thought I thought it wrong that Kenneth should not be sent for, it was no concern of mine, either to advise or complain; and I always refused to meddle. (chapter XXX, page 334)

The writer of this novel shows her character style through how she tells her story by using first-person narration, in this case, the narrator is not main character, but minor character named Mr. Lockwood, man who becomes tenant in main character’s house (Heathcliff). There will be a consistency between the style of the author and the style of the narrator she is likely to employ.

TONE
One of the most important functions of style is its contribution to the establishment of tone in the work of fiction. Tone is the sense in which we speak of tone of voice. In written language, including the language of fiction, tone is that quality, primarily a quality of style, that reveals the attitudes of the author toward his subject and toward his audience.
In this novel, the writer uses understatement as a tone. The use of understatement here may be a way to calling on the reader to react with the full power of the moral imagination. She tries to describe how the main character (Heatcliff, Catherine, Hindley, and Edgar) behave in their environment that causes several cases and how they get the consequence concerning what they have done. Then, through the narrator, the reader can catch and see what the moral value inside the story by themselves. Let’s we see this several last paragraph:
“For the use of such ghosts as choose to inhabit it,” I observed.
“No, Mr. Lockwood,” said Nelly, shaking her head. “I believe the dead are at peace, but it is not right to speak of them with levity.”
At the moment the garden gate swung to; the ramblers were returning.
“They are afraid of nothing,” I grumbled, watching their approach through the window. “Together they would brave satan and all his legions.” (chapter XXXIV, page 384)
I sought, and soon discovered, the three head-stones on the slope next the moor—the middle one, grey, and half buried in heath—Edgar Linton’s only harmonized by the turf and moss, creeping up its foot—Heathcliff’s still bare.
I lingered round them, under that benign sky; watched the moths fluttering among the heath, and hare-bells; listened to the soft wind breathing through the grass; and wondering how anyone could ever imagine unquiet slumbers, for the sleepers in that quiet earth. (chapter XXXIV, page 385)